Table 3 Validation of detected anomalies in MisrSat-2 solar panel currents (May 9–15, 2024).

From: A hybrid statistical–machine learning framework for evaluating geomagnetic storm effects on MisrSat2 satellite power subsystems

Validation method

Solar Panel 1

Solar Panel 2

Notes

CUSUM detections (raw)

29

30

All candidate change points identified (5-min cadence, illumination only)

Welch’s t-test (p < 0.05)

14

16

Initial statistical significance check

Bootstrapping (10,000 resamples)

12

15

Robust against small sample size

BH-FDR (q = 0.05)

13

17

Final robust anomalies retained after multiple-testing correction

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