Table 4 Performance improvement percentages.

From: Deep reinforcement learning framework for joint optimization of multi-RAT UAV location and user association in heterogeneous networks

Performance Metric

Scenario

Performance Improvement Percentage

Satisfaction index (%)

Downlink rate (%)

Uplink power (%)

Outage probability (%)

Jain’s fairness index (%)

Framework iterations (%)

\({R}^{{ref}}=\mathbf{1}\ \text{Mbps}\)

LTE UAVs

1

21

61

N/A

8

8

\({R}^{{ref}}=\mathbf{3}\ \text{Mbps}\)

LTE UAVs

5

15

67

56

5

3

\({R}^{{ref}}=\mathbf{5}\ \text{Mbps}\)

LTE UAVs

7

16

63

21

4

0

\({R}^{{ref}}=\mathbf{1}\ \text{Mbps}\)

Wi-Fi UAVs

1

25

42

N/A

22

45

\({R}^{{ref}}=\mathbf{3}\ \text{Mbps}\)

Wi-Fi UAVs

7

19

58

71

26

39

\({R}^{{ref}}=\mathbf{5}\ \text{Mbps}\)

Wi-Fi UAVs

13

19

59

31

28

39