Fig. 1

This line plot shows the global trend of HL and major chronic diseases (diabetes, CVD, stroke) from 1990 to 2021, measured by YLDs. HL demonstrates a consistent rise across the decades, underscoring its growing public health impact.

This line plot shows the global trend of HL and major chronic diseases (diabetes, CVD, stroke) from 1990 to 2021, measured by YLDs. HL demonstrates a consistent rise across the decades, underscoring its growing public health impact.