Fig. 4
From: Social memory deficits and their neural correlates in multiple sclerosis
T2-FLAIR hyperintense white matter lesion load and its association with episodic social memory recall in MS. (a) Total number of T2-FLAIR hyperintense white matter lesions. MS patients exhibited significantly higher lesion counts than healthy controls (U = 537, Z = 5.17, r = 0.75, p < 0.001, Mann–Whitney test). (b) Total volume of T2-FLAIR hyperintense white matter lesions. Lesion volume was significantly greater in the MS group (U = 557, Z = 5.56, r = 0.80, p < 0.001, Mann–Whitney test). (c) Association between total lesion count and the number of correct responses on the episodic social memory questionnaire in the MS group. A significant negative correlation was observed (ρ = − 0.47, p = 0.017, Spearman correlation), indicating that higher lesion count was associated with poorer memory performance. (d) Lesion volume was also significantly and negatively correlated with the number of correct responses on the episodic social memory questionnaire (ρ = − 0.60, p = 0.002, Spearman correlation). Boxplots display medians and interquartile ranges; scatterplots represent individual MS patients. Regression lines and 95% confidence intervals are shown in panels c and d. P-values from each Spearman correlation are displayed in the bottom-left corner of each scatterplot. MS: n = 25; Controls: n = 23. *** p < 0.001.
