Table 2 Comparison with classical spectral decomposition baselines across different forecast horizons. The best results are highlighted in bold, and the second-best in underline.
From: Quantum-enhanced dual-layer graph attention network for time-series forecasting
Dataset | Steps | EMD + GAT | CEEMDAN + GAT | VMD + GAT | DWT + GAT | QFreqFormer (Ours) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MAE | MSE | MAE | MSE | MAE | MSE | MAE | MSE | MAE | MSE | ||
Weather | 96 | 0.301 | 0.301 | 0.296 | 0.296 | 0.273 | 0.273 | 0.281 | 0.281 | 0.153 | 0.194 |
192 | 0.288 | 0.288 | 0.279 | 0.279 | 0.268 | 0.268 | 0.275 | 0.275 | 0.194 | 0.234 | |
336 | 0.264 | 0.301 | 0.257 | 0.296 | 0.245 | 0.273 | 0.250 | 0.281 | 0.238 | 0.272 | |
720 | 0.323 | 0.323 | 0.315 | 0.315 | 0.305 | 0.305 | 0.312 | 0.312 | 0.329 | 0.325 | |
Traffic | 96 | 0.334 | 0.334 | 0.328 | 0.328 | 0.310 | 0.310 | 0.319 | 0.319 | 0.341 | 0.204 |
192 | 0.322 | 0.322 | 0.314 | 0.314 | 0.297 | 0.297 | 0.304 | 0.304 | 0.377 | 0.246 | |
336 | 0.311 | 0.287 | 0.303 | 0.278 | 0.294 | 0.259 | 0.296 | 0.267 | 0.384 | 0.242 | |
720 | 0.344 | 0.344 | 0.337 | 0.337 | 0.322 | 0.322 | 0.333 | 0.333 | 0.403 | 0.278 | |
Electricity | 96 | 0.296 | 0.296 | 0.286 | 0.286 | 0.263 | 0.263 | 0.275 | 0.275 | 0.124 | 0.207 |
192 | 0.288 | 0.288 | 0.276 | 0.276 | 0.255 | 0.255 | 0.263 | 0.263 | 0.137 | 0.229 | |
336 | 0.284 | 0.284 | 0.271 | 0.271 | 0.252 | 0.252 | 0.263 | 0.263 | 0.156 | 0.252 | |
720 | 0.301 | 0.301 | 0.289 | 0.289 | 0.268 | 0.268 | 0.276 | 0.276 | 0.183 | 0.277 | |