Table 4 Investigation on capabilities for low-carbon construction.

From: A configurational analysis of contractor capabilities and conflict governance in low-carbon construction based on PLS-SEM and fsQCA

Construction aspect

Item

Rating

Physical resources

Professional construction equipment

Special electronic communication equipment on site

Excellent construction techniques

Reliable business platform

1 2 3 4 5

Human resources

Clear job descriptions

Great freedom to decide how to work

Elaborate training for staff

Good staffing procedures

Training on staff values and attitudes

Reasonable remuneration, benefits system and promotion mechanism

Achievable ways to motivate employees

Mechanisms to develop and track responsibilities for different positions

1 2 3 4 5

Organizational management

Standard business integration system

Trustworthy audit system

Standard business implementation systems

Communicate effectively with stakeholders

Formal reporting structure

Appropriate public affairs, quality management, financial management procedures, etc

The latest management tools

Establishing the mechanism for trust with clients

Compliance with international and local standards for sustainable development

1 2 3 4 5

Financial

Good credit history and physical assets

Formal investment policies

Regular evaluation of investment projects

Regular audits with feedback are available

Proven techniques for assessing client risk

1 2 3 4 5

Business

Respecting the rights of stakeholders outside the law

Excellent reputation

Researching the market environment

Focus on the construction and maintenance of brand values

Have excellent customer relations

Developed a long-term and systematic strategy

Developed a strong network of relationships with stakeholders

1 2 3 4 5

Knowledge integration

Technical exchange with external parties

Sharing resources with specialised organisations

Establishing the knowledge database based on previous experience

Internal learning mechanisms

Focus on acquiring intellectual property

1 2 3 4 5

Marketing

Adequate market research

Extensive project track record

Assessing Stakeholder Attributions (potential, threats, etc.)

Joined a professional association

1 2 3 4 5

Construction

Implementation of low-carbon construction techniques

Regular maintenance of equipment

Extensive low-carbon construction experience

1 2 3 4 5

Performance management

Regularly assess the performance of subcontractors and suppliers

Regular assessment of project status

Clear project management structure

A clear approach to controlling project performance

1 2 3 4 5

Procurement

Critical evaluation of suppliers in advance

Having an automated procurement process or platform

Developing the project procurement strategy

Building executive commitment with suppliers

Long-term contractual relationships with suppliers

1 2 3 4 5