Fig. 9 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 9

From: Enhanced structural and electrical properties of furnace-cooled SrZrO3-modified BFBT lead-free piezoceramics for high-temperature applications

Fig. 9The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Nyquist (Cole–Cole) plots of furnace-cooled (FC–BFBT–SZx ceramics x = 0, 02, and 04 mol%) recorded at different temperatures. The undoped sample shows a single semicircle corresponding to grain (bulk) conduction, while SZ-doped samples exhibit two arcs, indicating both grain and grain boundary contributions. A decrease in arc radius with increasing temperature suggests enhanced conductivity due to thermally activated charge carriers and oxygen vacancy mobility.

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