Table 1 Overview of characteristics (sex, transplantation type, tumor graft, tumor cell/tissue application route, genetic background of mice, injected tumor cell/tissue type, SMI category, drug application route) of the 485 individual studies included for meta-analysis. The absolute number (n) always adds up to a total of 485. The relative number (%) usually adds up to 100%, deviations are due to rounding. The abbreviation n.m. Means ‘not mentioned’.

From: Preclinical pancreatic cancer mouse models for treatment with small molecule inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Characteristic

Subgroup

n (%)

Sex

Female

235 (48.5)

Male

122 (25.2)

Female/male

12 (2.5)

n.m.

116 (23.9)

Transplantation

Heterotopic

382 (78.8)

Orthotopic

94 (19.4)

Metastatic

9 (1.9)

Tumor graft

Xenograft

363 (74.8)

Patient-derived xenograft

75 (15.5)

Syngraft

45 (9.3)

Allograft

1 (0.2)

n.m.

1 (0.2)

Application route tumor cells/tissues

Subcutaneously (s.c.)

380 (78.4)

Intrapancreatic (i.panc.)*

94 (19.4)

Intrasplenic (i.splen.)

5 (1.0)

Intraperitoneally (i.p.)

3 (0.6)

Peripancreatic (peri.panc.)

2 (0.4)

Intravenously (i.v.)

1 (0.2)

Genetic background

Foxn1nu

300 (61.9)

Prkdcscid

68 (14.0)

Prkdcscid, Il2rgtm1WjI

56 (11.5)

Wild type (wt)

44 (9.1)

Prkdcscid, Lystbg

3 (0.6)

Prkdcem26Cd52Il2rgem26Cd22

3 (0.6)

Ido1tm1Alm

2 (0.4)

Pde6brd1

2 (0.4)

PNP

2 (0.4)

Rag2tm1FwaII2rgtm1Rsky

2 (0.4)

n.m.

3 (0.6)

Tumor cell/tissue type

Patient-derived

75 (15.5)

MiaPaCa-2

68 (14.0)

PANC-1

63 (13.0)

Panc-02

29 (6.0)

AsPC-1

27 (5.6)

BxPC-3

23 (4.7)

L3.6pl

23 (4.7)

Capan-1

18 (3.7)

HPAF-2

13 (2.7)

SW-1990

13 (2.7)

others**

132 (27.2)

n.m.

1 (0.2)

Small molecule inhibitor (SMI) category

Selective non-kinase SMI

234 (48.2)

Selective intracellular kinase SMI

161 (33.2)

Selective receptor-related kinase SMI

53 (10.9)

Multikinase SMI

21 (4.3)

Others***

16 (3.3)

Application route drug

i.p.

231 (47.6)

Per orally (p.o.)

218 (44.9)

i.v.

9 (1.9)

s.c.

4 (0.8)

Retroorbitally (r.o.)

2 (0.4)

Intratumorally (i.t.)

1 (0.2)

n.m.

20 (4.1)

  1. *Applications mentioned in pancreas tail (n = 46, 9.5%), body (n = 2, 0.4%), head (n = 3, 0.6%), and subcapsular (n = 1, 0.2%). **Cell lines represented with less than 10 individual studies. ***SMIs that are either selective receptor-related and intracellular kinase SMIs (n = 10, 2.1%) or selective intracellular kinase and non-kinase SMIs (n = 6, 1.2%).