Table 4 Comparison metrics.

From: Empowering smart homes by IoT-driven hybrid renewable energy integration for enhanced efficiency

Metric

Traditional system

IoT-Based hybrid renewable energy system

Average Energy Production (kWh/day)

0

39

Average Energy Consumption (kWh/day)

31

31

Average Energy Costs ($/month)

139

54

CO₂ Emissions (kg/month)

465

180

System Efficiency (%)

60

80

User Satisfaction Score (Survey Result)

6/10

8.5/10