Table 3 Maintenance of biosecurity guideline principle 2 (Good farm hygiene) across different poultry farm types:

Do you clean and disinfect around farm during rearing period?

No

50.4(40.9–60.0)

46.6(36.7–56.7)

49.6(40.1–59.0)

48.9(43.4–54.5)

0.841

Yes

49.6(40.0-59.1)

53.4(43.3–63.3)

50.4(41.0-59.9)

51.1(45.5–56.6)

Do you clean and disinfect inside farm during rearing period?

No

45.1(35.8–54.8)

33.0(24.1–43.0)

41.7(32.6–51.3)

40.2(34.9–45.7)

0.176

Yes

54.9(45.2–64.2)

67.0(57.0-75.9)

58.3(48.7–67.4)

59.8(54.3–65.1)

Do you clean and disinfect utensil during rearing period?

No

45.1(35.8–54.8)

51.5(41.4–61.4)

33.9(25.3–43.3)

43.2(37.8–48.7)

0.029

Yes

54.9(45.2–64.2)

48.5(38.6–58.6)

66.1(56.7–74.7)

56.8(51.3–62.2)

Do you wash hand before feeding or handling your poultry?

No

39.8(30.7–49.5)

39.8(30.3–49.9)

31.3(23-40.6)

36.9(31.6–42.3)

0.311

Yes

60.2(50.5–69.3)

60.2(50.1–69.7)

68.7(59.4–77)

63.1(57.7–68.4)

Do you wash hand after feeding or handling your poultry?

No

22.1(14.9–30.9)

22.3(14.7–31.6)

17.4(11-25.6)

20.5(16.3–25.3)

0.584

Yes

77.9(69.1–85.1)

77.7(68.4–85.3)

82.6(74.4–89)

79.5(74.7–83.7)

Do you have any footbaths at the gate of the farm?

No

89.4(82.2–94.4)

94.2(87.8–97.8)

96.5(91.3–99)

93.4(90.1–95.8)

0.089

Yes

10.6(5.6–17.8)

5.8(2.2–12.2)

3.5(1.0-8.7)

6.6(4.2–9.9)