Table 1 Summary of related work and the datasets used.

Combining Machine Learning and

Semantic Web: A Systematic

Mapping Study⁸

- Machine Learning

- Semantic Web techniques

Semantic Web Machine

Learning (SWeML) Systems

The study identifies key trends,

features, and development of

an ontology-based classification

system for SWeML Systems.

The Semantic Web: A New Form

of Web Content that is

Meaningful to Computers will

Unleash a Revolution of

New Possibilities²¹

- Semantic Web technologies including

ontologies, automatic annotation,

and crowdsourcing for data

integration and interoperability

E-Learning through

Semantic Web

Semantic review identifying 8

emerging themes, highlighting

benefits and challenges of Semantic Web.

It suggests future trends

in interoperability, data

security, and ontology

development

Golden jackal optimization algorithm

with deep learning assisted intrusion

detection system for network security²²

- Deep Learning

- Nature Inspired Algorithm

Network Intrusion

Detection System

The research showcases the

performance improvement of Golden Jackal

Optimization Algorithm with Deep

Learning Assisted Intrusion Detection

System for Network Security

Toward support-vector machine-based

ant colony optimization algorithms

for intrusion detection²³

- Support Vector Machine

- Nature Inspired Algorithm

Nature-inspired Intrusion

Detection System

Displays higher efficiency

of bio-inspired algorithms as

compared to traditional algorithms

A survey on cybersecurity

knowledge graph construction²⁴

- Ontology based semantic triple

extraction, knowledge graph

and reasoning techniques

Cyber Security Knowledge

Graph

The research reviews and compares

CKG-related works, identification

of challenges, and proposes

future research opportunities

Web towards the semantic web:

A review of recent

trends in its domains²⁵

- RDF

- SPARQL

- OWL

- Other Semantic Web technologies

Semantic Web (Web 3.0)

The proposed research provides an

overview of Semantic Web concepts.

It contrasts with traditional web

exploring technologies and applications

in 7 domains

Modified Bio-Inspired Algorithms

for Intrusion Detection

System²⁶

- Binary firefly optimization (BFA)

- Binary swarm particle optimization

(BPSO)

- Cuttlefish optimization

- Modified Cuttlefish algorithm (MCO)

Nature-Inspired Intrusion

Detection System

Modified Cuttlefish Algorithm in the

proposed paper has shown enhanced

accuracy than the other algorithms-

Binary Firefly optimization

and Binary Swarm Particle Optimization