Table 7 Core elements of laboratory warning sign design Specifications.
From: Visual communication design in laboratory safety effectiveness and optimization of warning signs
Design element | Standard specification | Cognitive function | Design guidelines |
|---|---|---|---|
Color System | Red: Prohibition/Danger Yellow: Warning/Caution Blue: Instruction/Behavioral requirements Green: Safety/First aid information | Rapid hazard level identification Emotional arousal Symbol enhancement | Use high contrast color schemes (≥ 7:1) Follow color-danger associations Consider color blindness recognition |
Symbol System | Standardized ISO graphic symbols GHS hazardous material identification Laboratory-specific symbols | Cross-language understanding Rapid hazard identification Behavioral guidance | Symbols occupy 40–50% of sign area Maintain visual clarity Ensure symbol standardization consistency |
Information Architecture | Signal words: 36-48pt bold Primary information: 24-30pt Protective information: 18-24pt | Attention guidance Hazard cognition Behavioral instruction | Clear information hierarchy distinction Concise text (≤ 10 words) Active voice statements |
Environmental Adaptability | Viewing distance optimization: Efficient within 4 m Lighting adaptation: ≥300 lx Positioning strategy: Eye-level height | Perceptual adaptation Workflow integration Multi-user visibility | Arrange according to user movement paths Customize for specific equipment Consider visibility under different lighting conditions |
