Table 14 Shows ablation experiment results.

From: A comprehensive deep learning framework for real time emotion detection in online learning using hybrid models

Model

configuration

Channel–spatial

attention

module

Fine-tuning module

via AGTO

Accuracy (%)

FER-2013

CK+

KDEF

Own

dataset

ResNet-50

False

False

65.3

78.5

72.4

77.5

ResNet-50 + CBAM

True

False

68.7

82.1

75.6

80.6

ResNet-50 + CBAM +

 3D CNN

True

False

81.9

86.3

83.2

82.3

ResNet-50 + CBAM 

+ 3D CNN + AGTO

True

True

95.57

97.29

98.35

98.09

  1. Significant values are in [bold].