Fig. 4

Inferior aspect of the base of skull showing the measurement techniques for parameters 7 and 9. Figure A shows the measurement of parameter 7 using a two-pin metal spacer. Figure B shows the specimen of skull with a digital goniometer to measure the degree of lateral deflection of LPP. The transparency of the digital goniometer has been reduced to improve the visualization of the underlying structures. The posterior border of the LPP is marked by black dotted line.