Fig. 10

Visualization outputs from the nutrient recommendation system. (a) Example of soil nutrient aptitude classification by element, indicating suitability levels for each parameter. (b) Recommended fertilization doses (kg ha⁻1) generated using a genetic algorithm optimization model. (c) User interface of the platform’s home page. (d) Proposed frontend design for the nutrient recommendation module, showing an interactive layout for user-driven decision support.