Table 6 Frequency shifts for antenna placement configurations (Free space, Chest, Lap, Arm) in 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz band.

From: Machine learning-optimized compact dual-band medical syringe-inspired wearable antenna for efficient WBAN applications

Frequency Band

Free-Space

Chest

Lap

Arm

2.4 GHz

Lower Frequency

2.382 GHz

2.371 GHz

2.369 GHz

2.380 GHz

Upper Frequency

2.511 GHz

2.510 GHz

2.506 GHz

2.509 GHz

Δf (Lower)

-

-0.011 GHz

-0.013 GHz

+ 0.002 GHz

Δf (Upper)

-

+ 0.001 GHz

-0.005 GHz

-0.002 GHz

5.8 GHz

Lower Frequency

5.634 GHz

5.621 GHz

5.719 GHz

5.629 GHz

Upper Frequency

5.911 GHz

5.909 GHz

5.931 GHz

5.918 GHz

Δf (Lower)

-

+ 0.013 GHz

+ 0.085 GHz

-0.005 GHz

Δf (Upper)

-

-0.002 GHz

+ 0.020 GHz

+ 0.007 GHz