Fig. 4

(A) \(\:{I}_{O,ave}\), (B) \(\:{Q}_{t}\), and (C) \(\:\tau\:\) under the operation of WIn-DEG under droplet impact with various heights. (D) \(\:{I}_{O,ave}\), (E) \(\:{Q}_{t}\), and (F) \(\:\tau\:\) under the operation of WIn-DEG with various droplet volumes. (G) \(\:{I}_{O,ave}\), (H) \(\:{Q}_{t}\), and (I) \(\:\tau\:\) under the operation of WIn-DEG under droplet impact with various droplet incident angles with the WIn-DEG surface. Dot graph in (A), (D), (G) represents \(\:dA/dt\) value during DEG operation, and (C), (F), (I) represents \(\:{A}_{drop,max}\) value.