Table 4 Direct, indirect, and total effects of the statistical model.

Relationships	Point estimation	Product of coefficients			Bootstrapping
		Product of coefficients			BC 95% CI		Percentile 95% CI
		SE	Z	P	Lower	Upper	Lower	Upper
PA-Rumination-SQ	− 0.009	0.002	− 4.500	0.000	− 0.013	− 0.005	− 0.013	− 0.005
PA-PR-SQ	− 0.006	0.002	− 3.000	0.001	− 0.010	− 0.003	− 0.010	− 0.003
PA-Rumination-PR-SQ	− 0.004	0.001	− 4.000	0.000	− 0.006	− 0.002	− 0.006	− 0.002
Total indirect effect	− 0.018	0.003	− 6.000	0.000	− 0.025	− 0.013	− 0.024	− 0.013
Direct effect	− 0.010	0.004	− 2.500	0.006	− 0.018	− 0.001	− 0.018	− 0.001
Total effect	− 0.028	0.005	− 5.600	0.000	− 0.037	− 0.019	− 0.037	− 0.019

5000 bootstrap sample; SE, standard error; BC, bias corrected; CI, confidence interval; PA, physical exercise; PR, psychological resilience; SQ, sleep quality. The effect size represents an unstandardized estimate.

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