Table 12 Results of the ablation study across framework configurations.
From: Intelligent information management enables quality-by-design in pharmaceutical production
Configuration | R² ↑ | F1-score ↑ | Runtime (s) ↓ | Interpretability (XAI score) ↑ | Compliance Alignment ↑ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Full Framework (Baseline) | 0.93 | 0.88 | 98.7 | High | High |
Without NLP | 0.92 | 0.87 | 96.2 | High | Medium |
Without XAI | 0.93 | 0.88 | 97.5 | Low | Low |
Without Dimensionality Reduction | 0.91 | 0.85 | 134.8 | Medium | High |
Traditional QbD (DoE/Regression) | 0.86 | 0.78 | 88.1 | Low | Medium |
