Fig. 2 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 2

From: Protodioscin enhances Methotrexate-induced senescence and senolytic activity in HepG2 liver cancer spheroids by modulating cell cycle regulators and the TGF-β/p-Smad2-4 signaling pathway

Fig. 2

Cytotoxic effects of Protodioscin (PD) and Methotrexate (MTX) on HepG2 derived spheroids. The spheroids were treated with different concentrations of PD and MTX (1–100 µM) for 12 h and the viability of spheroids was measured by MTT assay to determine the IC50 values. For control, the cells were treated with 0.2% DMSO (vol/vol) in the cell culture media, and the results from the control were used to normalize the data. Data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments.

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