Fig. 15 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 15

From: Spatiotemporal evolution analysis of multiscale fracture dynamics in hydraulic shale stimulation via integrated acoustic emission and CT imaging

Fig. 15

Fracture evolution of specimen No.7: (a) Pre-existing discontinuities on orthogonal specimen surfaces (1–3/2–4); (b) Hydraulically induced fractures post-fracturing (1–3/2–4); (c) Pre-fracturing 3D CT reconstruction highlighting bedding planes (BP) and natural fracture (NF); (d) Post-fracturing CT visualization of fracture network complexity enhancement. (The gray rectangular prism is the wellbore; The blue cracks are pre-existing cracks before fracturing; Red, green and other cracks are newly generated cracks after hydraulic fracturing) Notes: BP = bedding planes; NF = natural fracture; VHF = Vertical hydraulic fracture; HHF = Horizontal hydraulic fracture.

Back to article page