Fig. 1

Flow diagram of mother-child pairs included the current analysis. SPATZ: Ulm SPATZ Health Study; UBCS: Ulm Birth Cohort Study; HMO: human milk oligosaccharides, SNP: single nucleotide polymorphisms; BF: breastfeeding.

Flow diagram of mother-child pairs included the current analysis. SPATZ: Ulm SPATZ Health Study; UBCS: Ulm Birth Cohort Study; HMO: human milk oligosaccharides, SNP: single nucleotide polymorphisms; BF: breastfeeding.