Table 2 Mean VAS score, ODI score, and stability score before and after treatment in groups 1 and 2:.

From: Effect of core stability exercises and Russian electrical stimulation on nonspecific low back pain: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial

 

Pre treatment

Post treatment

MD

95% CI

% of change

p value

Mean ± SD

Mean ± SD

VAS

Group 1

6.96 ± 1.21

2.56 ± 1.26

4.4

3.79: 5.01

63.22

0.001

Group 2

7.04 ± 1.02

3.60 ± 1.38

3.44

2.83: 4.05

48.86

0.001

MD

−0.08

−1.04

    

95% CI

−0.72: 0.56

−1.79: −0.29

    
 

p = 0.80

p = 0.008

    

ηπ2

 

0.14

    

ODI (%)

Group 1

32.84 ± 9.95

9.16 ± 4.33

23.68

20.13: 27.23

72.11

0.001

Group 2

33.60 ± 7.82

18.92 ± 4.01

14.68

11.13: 18.23

43.69

0.001

MD

−0.76

−9.76

    

95% CI

−5.85: 4.33

−12.13: −7.39

    
 

p = 0.77

p = 0.001

    

ηπ2

 

0.59

    

Stability score (%)

Group 1

45.46 ± 11.70

56.33 ± 10.52

−10.87

−13.04: −8.69

23.91

0.001

Group 2

43.25 ± 10.94

48.80 ± 12.55

−5.55

−7.72: −3.37

12.83

0.001

MD

2.21

7.53

    

95% CI

−4.23: 8.65

0.95: 14.12

    
 

p = 0.49

p = 0.02

    

ηπ2

 

0.1

    
  1. SD, standard deviation; MD, mean difference; CI, confidence interval; ηp2, partial eta-squared, p value, probability value.
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