Table 2 Comparison based on physical activity level after open angle glaucoma diagnosis.

From: Independent associations of physical activity and depression with open-angle glaucoma in a population-based analysis

 

PA low level

PA high level

P-value

(N = 42388)

(N = 55229)

Age (year, N)

57.9 ± 12.4

61.2 ± 12.4

< 0.001

 < 40

3472 ( 8.2%)

3305 ( 6.0%)

< 0.001

 40–49

6904 (16.3%)

7120 (12.9%)

 

 50–59

12,092 (28.5%)

11,606 (21.0%)

 

 60–69

11,781 (27.8%)

17,239 (31.2%)

 

 70–79

6885 (16.2%)

14,218 (25.7%)

 

 ≥ 80

1254 ( 3.0%)

1741 ( 3.2%)

 

Sex

  

< 0.001

 Male

21,601 (51.0%)

33,530 (60.7%)

 

 Female

20,787 (49.0%)

21,699 (39.3%)

 

Comorbidities

   

 Hypertension

18,477 (43.6%)

26,844 (48.6%)

< 0.001

 Diabetes

8076 (19.1%)

11,549 (20.9%)

< 0.001

 Dyslipidemia

14,906 (35.2%)

20,487 (37.1%)

< 0.001

CCI

2.0 ± 2.0

2.1 ± 2.0

< 0.001

 0

10,112 (23.9%)

11,975 (21.7%)

< 0.001

 1

10,677 (25.2%)

13,412 (24.3%)

 

 2

7984 (18.8%)

10,772 (19.5%)

 

 ≥ 3

13,615 (32.1%)

19,070 (34.5%)

 

BMI (kg/m2)

24.0 ± 3.2

24.1 ± 3.0

0.142

Drink

  

< 0.001

 Non

26,449 (62.4%)

32,148 (58.2%)

 

 Mild

9514 (22.4%)

14,434 (26.1%)

 

 Moderate

3594 ( 8.5%)

5214 ( 9.4%)

 

 Severe

2831 ( 6.7%)

3433 ( 6.2%)

 

Smoke

  

< 0.001

 Never smoker

27,532 (65.0%)

33,515 (60.7%)

 

 Ex-smoker

7168 (16.9%)

13,626 (24.7%)

 

 Current smoker

7688 (18.1%)

8088 (14.6%)

 

Low income

  

< 0.001

 The bottom 20% or below

35,798 (84.5%)

47,878 (86.7%)

 

 Others

6590 (15.5%)

7351 (13.3%)

 

 Depression

11,452 (27.0%)

14,373 (26.0%)

0.001

  1. Data are expressed as the mean ± the standard deviation or as n (%). The P-value is derived from the student t-test and the Chi-square test. PA, physical activity; BMI, body mass index; CCI. Charlson comorbidity index; OAG. open angle glaucoma. Patients with higher post-diagnosis PA levels were generally older, more likely male, and had a lower prevalence of depression than those with low PA levels.
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