Fig. 1 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 1

From: Cathelicidin LL37-loaded extracellular vesicles from Edwardsiella piscicida promote antibacterial and wound-healing activity

Fig. 1

Characterization and stability of EpEVs-LL37. (a) Particle size distribution of EpEVs-LL37 was determined by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), with a representative single-frame capture for both formulation 1 (F1) and formulation 2 (F2). (b) Quantitative comparative analysis of mean particle size and distribution, zeta potential, and particle concentration of EpEVs-LL37 (F1 and F2). (c) Surface charge (zeta potential) distribution of EpEVs-LL37. (d) Field emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM) images of EpEVs-LL37 (F2), confirming vesicle morphology. (e) Particle size distribution of EpEVs-LL37 treated with varying concentrations of pepsin with representative NTA frame captures. (f) Quantitative analysis of mean particle size, zeta potential, and particle concentration of pepsin-treated EpEVs-LL37. (g) Surface charge distribution of pepsin-treated EpEVs-LL37. (h) FE-TEM image of the pepsin-treated EpEVs-LL37, showing morphological integrity post-treatment. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. (NC - Negative control).

Back to article page