Table 10 Antimicrobial agents used for susceptibility testing according to WHO classification.

From: Chitosan mitigates pan drug resistance in citrobacter freundii exhibiting AmpC and ESBL from Egyptian livestock

WHO classification

Antimicrobial group

Antimicrobial (full name)

Abbreviation

Disc content (µg)

Critically important

Penicillins

Amoxicillin

AMX

10

Carbenicillin

CB

100

Carbapenem

Meropenem

MEM

10

Oxazolidinones

Linezolid

LNZ

30

Macrolides

Clarithromycin

CL

15

Azithromycin

AZM

15

Aminoglycosides

Gentamicin

GEN

10

Fluorquinolones

Levofloxacin

LEV

5

Ciprofloxacin

CIP

5

Quinolones

Nalidixic acid

NAL

30

Cephalosporins 3rd generation

Cefpodoxime

CPD

10

Cefixime

CFM

5

Monobactam

Aztreonam

ATM

30

Beta lactamase inhibitor

Ampicillin/sulbactam

SAM

10/10

Piperacillin/tazobactam

TZP

100/10

Highly important

Tetracyclines

Minocycline

MI

30

Lincosamides

Clindamycin

DA

2

Folate pathway antagonists

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

SXT

23.75/1.25

Cephalosporins, 1 st generation

Cefadroxil

CFR, CF

30