Fig. 8

Prognostic Nomogram for Breast Cancer Based on Pathologic Staging. The model incorporates three key components: Pathologic T Stage: Points are assigned based on the size and extent of the primary tumor (T1 to T4). Each stage contributes to the total points used for survival predictions. Pathologic N Stage: Points reflect the involvement of regional lymph nodes, categorized as N0 to N3, impacting the overall prognosis. Pathologic M Stage: This factor considers the presence or absence of distant metastasis (M0 and M1) in the patient’s profile.