Fig. 4

Machine learning-based screening of candidate diagnostic biomarkers for T2D in older adults. (A) Cross-validation plot for selecting the optimal tuning parameter log (Lambda) in LASSO regression. (B) LASSO coefficient profiles of candidate genes. (C) Feature selection via SVM-RFE. (D) RF error rate plot for the initially screened candidate genes. (E) Variable importance scores from the RF model, showing the top 10 genes. (F) Venn diagram of the LASSO, SVM-RFE and RF results. T2D Type 2 diabetes, LASSO least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, SVM-RFE support vector machine-recursive feature elimination, RF random forest.