Fig. 17
Particle Swarm Optimization convergence sequence showing iterations 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, and 22. Blue dots represent individual particles, red star indicates global best position, and green dot shows swarm centroid.
Fig. 17 | Scientific Reports
Particle Swarm Optimization convergence sequence showing iterations 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, and 22. Blue dots represent individual particles, red star indicates global best position, and green dot shows swarm centroid.
