Fig. 7

In vitro release profiles of Qur and Chr from Chr–Qur@MSNs–Chi nanoparticles were evaluated at pH 5.0 (A) and pH 7.4 (B). The cumulative release over time is presented as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). The results show pH-dependent behavior, with a faster release under acidic conditions, suggesting the nanoparticles could provide targeted drug delivery in the acidic tumor microenvironment.