Table 3 The results of the content analysis of open-ended responses on expectations regarding patient care by foreign national physicians.

From: Examining Japanese laypeople’s nationality preferences for physicians: a nationwide study

Theme, N (%)

Sub-theme, N (%)

Exemplar quotes

Medical skills and knowledge, 222 (61.7)

Skills, 90 (25.0)

“Skills that are not available among Japanese (physicians)”

Specialized care, 61 (16.9)

“Specialized treatment for cases that are rare in Japan.”

Knowledge, 51 (14.2)

“Specialized knowledge…in fields that are lagging behind in Japan.”

New treatment methods, 15 (4.2)

“Introduction of new treatments.”

Mental care, 4 (1.1)

“Mental care with attention to detail.”

Research, 1 (0.3)

“Research for the advancement of medicine.”

Communication skills and attitudes, 81 (22.5)

Communication skills, 35 (9.7)

“Humorous and positive.”

Attitude of being close to patients, 16 (4.4)

“Seems like they would listen to patients attentively.”

Frank communication, 8 (2.2)

“Foreign physicians seem like they would communicate frankly.”

Compassion, 7 (1.9)

“Compassionate care for patients”

Sincerity, 4 (1.1)

“They would take the time to think sincerely.”

Careful work, 3 (0.8)

“They would respond politely.”

Language proficiency, 2 (0.6)

“Language proficiency”

Cheerful attitude, 2 (0.6)

“They would interact in a cheerful manner.”

Easy to talk to, 2 (0.6)

“A casual, approachable attitude that makes it easy to consult with them.”

Understanding patients, 1 (0.3)

“Understanding patients.”

Healing, 1 (0.3)

“Healing.”

Strengths of different cultures, 46 (12.8)

Broad perspective, 21 (5.8)

“Sharing new perspectives and sensibilities stemming from cultural differences”

Flexible thinking, 8 (2.2)

“Innovative ideas and responses not bound by Japanese stereotypes.”

Knowledge of overseas medical affairs, 8 (2.2)

“Familiarity with overseas literature and cases.”

Respect for diversity, 5 (1.4)

“They would help patients from foreign counries in Japan.”

Reasonable judgement, 3 (0.8)

“With their expertise gained from living overseas, they can provide reasonable care.”

High motivation, 1 (0.3)

“High motivation.”

Sense of security and trustworthiness, 11 (3.1)

Sense of security, 7 (1.9)

“Sense of security.”

Trustworthiness, 4 (1.1)

“Trustworthiness.”

  1. Percentages are calculated using the total number of codes generated for expectations (N = 360), not the number of respondents. Multiple codes could be assigned per respondent.