Table 1 Examples of the review texts in the dataset and the perturbation resulting from using the keyboard and word replacement approach generated using the textflint package.

From: Large language models robustness against perturbation

Original review

Keyboard perturbation

Word replacement perturbation

1

No issues.

No isskes.

no issues.

2

Purchased this for

my device, it worked

as advertised. You can

never have too much

phone memory, since I

download a lot of stuff

this was a no brainer

for me.

Purchased rhis for

my device, it worked

as adverHised. You can

never have too much

phonf memory, since I

download a lKt of ctuff

tYis waZ a no brainer

for me.

Purchased this for my

device, it worked as advertised.

You can never have too much

phone remembering, since

I download a lot of stuff this

cost a No brainer for me.

3

in my galaxy s4, super

fast card, and am totally

happy, not happy having

to still type to fill the

required words though

in my galaxy s%, super

fact card, and am totally

happy, not Mappy having

fo still type to filP the

required words though

in my galaxy s4, super fast

card, and am totally happy,

non happy having to still type

to fill the require words though

4

Using this in a contout

gps camera, don’t waste

your time buying any other

brand it will be a waste.

Buy the best to start with.

Using th*s in a contout

gls camsra, don’t waste

your time buyint Wny

other brand it will be

a waCte. Buy the best

to start with.

Using this in a contout gps

camera, don’t waste your

sentence buying any other blade

it will be a waste. bribe the best

to start with.