Fig. 4

(a) Normalized photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the CQDs recorded at various excitation wavelengths. (b, c) Dependence of the emission wavelength and emission intensity on the excitation wavelength, respectively. The inset in (b) shows the corresponding CIE chromaticity coordinates for each PL spectrum. (d) Excitation–emission contour map of the CQDs synthesized from orange peels.