Table 7 The lifetime cancer risk posed by all THMs via the three exposure routes at Alexandria districts during summer and winter seasons.
From: Risk assessment of trihalomethanes in drinking water with seasonal variation considerations
THM | Type of exposure | Cancer risk (10–6) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The lifetime cancer risk during summer | |||||||||
Region-1 | Region-2 | Region-3 | Region-4 | Region-5 | Region-6 | Region-7 | Average | ||
CF | Oral | 9.92 | 125.5 | 26.04 | 7.13 | ND | 13.33 | 10.54 | 27.49 |
Dermal | 1.519 | 23.62 | 3.22 | 1.519 | ND | 2.85 | 2.29 | 5.002 | |
Inhalation | 0.0022 | 0.027 | 0.0047 | 0.0023 | ND | 0.0042 | 0.0034 | 0.0062 | |
Total | 11.44 | 149.14 | 29.26 | 8.651 | ND | 16.18 | 12.83 | 32.498 | |
BDCM | Oral | 14.26 | 33.48 | 19.22 | 12.4 | ND | 22.94 | 16.12 | 16.92 |
Dermal | 1.798 | 4.278 | 2.418 | 1.55 | ND | 2.914 | 2.046 | 2.143 | |
Inhalation | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
Total | 16.058 | 37.758 | 21.638 | 13.95 | ND | 25.854 | 18.166 | 19.063 | |
DBCM | Oral | 14.28 | 16.8 | 16.8 | 11.76 | ND | 19.32 | 14.28 | 13.32 |
Dermal | 1.26 | 1.512 | 1.512 | 1.092 | ND | 1.764 | 1.26 | 1.2 | |
Inhalation | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
Total | 15.54 | 18.312 | 18.312 | 12.852 | ND | 21.084 | 15.54 | 14.52 | |
BF | Oral | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
Dermal | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
Inhalation | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
Total | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
The lifetime cancer during winter | |||||||||
CF | Oral | 3.534 | 38.75 | ND | 31.89 | 55.8 | 18.6 | 159.43 | 44.001 |
Dermal | 0.74 | 8.37 | ND | 6.85 | 11.99 | 3.999 | 34.41 | 9.48 | |
Inhalation | 0.0011 | 0.0123 | ND | 0.0101 | 0.0175 | 0.0059 | 0.0503 | 0.0139 | |
Total | 4.275 | 47.132 | ND | 38.75 | 67.808 | 22.605 | 193.89 | 53.495 | |
BDCM | Oral | ND | 8.866 | ND | ND | 8.866 | ND | 21.266 | 5.571 |
Dermal | ND | 1.116 | ND | ND | 1.116 | ND | 2.666 | 0.699 | |
Inhalation | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
Total | ND | 9.982 | ND | ND | 9.982 | ND | 23.932 | 6.27 | |
DBCM | Oral | ND | 9.576 | ND | 12.012 | 12.012 | 9.576 | 9.576 | 7.536 |
Dermal | ND | 0.84 | ND | 1.092 | 1.092 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.672 | |
Inhalation | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
Total | ND | 10.416 | ND | 13.104 | 13.104 | 10.416 | 10.416 | 8.208 | |
BF | Oral | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
Dermal | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
Inhalation | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
Total | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND | |
