Fig. 1 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 1

From: Comparing voice-only navigation and paper maps in middle-aged and older adults: A randomized crossover field study of wayfinding, mood, usability, and text-mined user experiences

Fig. 1

Overview of the study procedure. In this randomized, within-subject crossover study, 40 participants navigated using two methods: a traditional paper map (Map) and voice navigation via Apple Maps (Voice). The order was counterbalanced so that half of the participants started with the paper map and then used voice navigation, while the other half experienced the reverse order. Participants rated their mood and fatigue immediately before and after each navigation task. Icon source: Flaticon.com.

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