Fig. 4
From: A meta-analysis of the persuasive power of large language models
Cumulative meta-analysis of LLM persuasion effects by study year. The plot shows how effect size estimates evolved as studies were added chronologically from 2021 through 2025. Points represent cumulative estimates at each step, colored by study year. The shaded ribbon indicates 95% confidence intervals around the cumulative estimates. Background shading highlights different time periods. The horizontal dashed line marks zero effect, while the dotted line shows the final pooled estimate. Study IDs (S005, S007, etc.) on the x-axis indicate the sequential addition of studies ordered by study year.
