Fig. 5

Finite-element (FE)–predicted von Mises stress in the dorsal-oblique slice through the distal third metacarpal bone (MC3), corresponding to the slice plane indicated in (Fig. 1D,F). The corresponding CT slices for each horse are shown in (Fig. 2A–C). Top row (A–C): 3-D FE models; bottom row (D–F): slice-based FE models for the bilateral sclerosis (BS), lateral parasagittal-groove lesion (LGL), and biaxial condylar-lesion (BCL) horses, respectively. Stress distribution is displayed using a consistent colour scale (MPa), with red denoting higher stress and blue denoting lower stress.