Table 1 Biochemical characteristics of the study population at baseline; ns, not significant.

White blood cells (\({ {10}}^{{ {3}}}/{ {mm}}^{{ {3}}}\))

9.98±5.38

9.06±3.69

11.35±7.32

ns

(4.0–10.9)

Red blood cells (\({ {10}}^{{ {6}}}/{ {mm}}^{{ {3}}}\))

3.47±0.26

3.54±0.23

3.36±0.28

ns

(M: 4.5–6.0, F: 4.0–5.4)

Hb (g/dL)

9.81±0.67

9.87±0.72

9.72±0.63

ns

(M: 13–17, F: 12–16)

Hematocrit (%)

30.39±2.76

30.85±2.67

29.71±2.94

ns

(M: 40–54, F: 36–48)

MCV (fL)

87.6±3.82

87.11±4.02

88.32±3.65

ns

(80–100)

MCH (pg)

28.32±1.31

27.88±1.17

28.98±1.29

0.06

(27–33)

MCHC (g/dL)

32.57±1.55

32.06±1.14

33.33±1.85

0.07

(32–36)

RDW (cv%)

15.91±2.00

16.60±2.11

14.87±1.33

0.05

(12.6–15.8)

PLT (\({ {10}}^{{ {3}}}/{ {mm}}^{{ {3}}}\))

486.85±230.81

505.08±258.23

459.50±195.91

ns

(150–400)

INR

1.11±0.12

1.16±0.12

1.04±0.07

0.02

(0.8–1.2)

aPTT

1.1±0.21

1.13±0.21

1.07±0.22

ns

(0.8–1.2)

Serum glucose (mg/dL)

107.65±29.63

101.00±19.90

117.62±39.63

ns

(70–110)

Serum creatinine (mg/dL)

0.73±0.20

0.77±0.20

0.68±0.18

ns

(M: 0.7–1.3, F: 0.6–1.1)

eGFR Cockcroft-Gault (mL/min)

110.89±33.49

120.57±35.10

96.37±26.58

ns

(>60)

Uric acid (mg/dL)

5.02±1.52

5.84±1.21

3.53±0.59

0.01

(M: 3.5–7.2, F: 2.6–6.0)

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

110.47±26.13

99.54±26.28

125.5±17.99

0.02

(<200)

HDL (mg/dL)

46.47±13.7

43.36±12.88

50.75±14.47

ns

(M: >40, F: >50)

LDL (mg/dL)

56.73±19.84

49.81±19.41

66.25±17.20

0.07

(<115)

TG (mg/dL)

80.22±31.91

80.40±40.9

80.00±17.92

ns

(<150)

Tot. Bil. (mg/dL)

2.15±1.32

2.52±1.57

1.60±0.52

ns

(0.2–1.2)

Albumin (g/dL)

4.51±0.35

4.60±0.38

4.37±0.29

ns

(3.5–5.0)

GOT (U/L)

23.47±9.70

27.18±10.94

18.37±4.43

0.04

(M: <40, F: <32)

GPT (U/L)

23.3±18.94

28.25±22.85

15.87±6.93

ns

(M: <41, F: <31)

GGT (U/L)

28.00±27.07

34.66±32.73

18.00±10.69

ns

(M: <60, F: <40)

ALP (U/L)

75.8±21.97

78.25±23.79

72.12±19.88

ns

(30–120)

LDH (U/L)

344.00±89.41

337.90±73.84

351.62±110.84

ns

(125–220)

Na (mEq/L)

138.20±2.04

138.00±1.85

138.50±2.39

ns

(135–145)

K (mEq/L)

4.05±0.27

4.10±0.26

3.96±0.29

ns

(3.5–5.0)

Ca (mg/dL)

9.00±0.63

9.23±0.44

8.66±0.73

0.04

(8.5–10.5)

P (mg/dL)

3.22±0.63

3.11±0.58

3.37±0.70

ns

(2.5–4.5)

Fe (mcg/dL)

259.63±76.89

258.27±44.85

261.50±111.00

ns

(M: 65–176, F: 50–170)

Transferrin (mg/dL)

176.5±30.67

181.10±34.89

170.75±25.51

ns

(200–360)

Transferrin saturation (%)

105.22±29.73

103.10±9.14

107.87±45.00

ns

(20–50)

Ferritin (ng/mL)

1006.15±685.41

989.08±672.73

1031.75±50.14

ns

(M: 30–400, F: 15–150)

Fructosamine (mmol/L)

288.83±52.92

275.30±40.28

305.75±64.24

ns

(205–285)

TSH (\(\mu\)IU/mL)

2.01±0.98

2.16±0.84

1.82±1.16

ns

(0.4–4.0)

Vitamin D (ng/mL)

28.43±13.47

26.26±16.26

31.84±7.17

ns

(>30)

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

57.41±12.02

55.40±7.01

60.28±17.18

ns

(<48)

BNP (pg/mL)

100.55±92.38

105.25±115.53

93.50±45.75

ns

(<100)

Vitamin B12 (pg/mL)

349.72±157.63

364.27±157.34

326.85±167.76

ns

(200–900)

Folic acid (ng/mL)

6.68±4.83

7.40±5.81

5.55±2.74

ns

(3.0–20.0)