Table 1 Summary of chelonid specimens used in the experimental study detailing species name, body measurements (lengths, widths, weights, in centimetres and grams), processing actions undertaken and duration of each experimental processing duration (in minutes), the lithic implements used, the experience of the experimenter and additional observations noted prior and during the experimental procedure.

Species

Graptemys ouachitensis

Mauremys c.f. reevesii

Testudo hermanni

Testudo hermanni

Testudo hermanni

Testudo hermanni

Species habitat

River (Freshwater turtle)

River (Freshwater turtle)

Land (Tortoise)

Land (Tortoise)

Land (Tortoise)

Land (Tortoise)

Carapace length

14.55 cm

9.31 cm

15.36 cm

13.08 cm

10.98 cm

10.38 cm

Carapace width

11.57 cm

6.76 cm

12.61 cm

11.25 cm

8.7 cm

7.87 cm

Plastron length

14.17 cm

8.71 cm

12.96 cm

11.11 cm

9.95 cm

9.49 cm

Plastron width

9.21 cm

5.81 cm

10.74 cm

8.17 cm

7.73 cm

6.57 cm

Weight

353 g

91 g

601 g

419 g

192 g

171 g

Actions

Raw

Roasted

(2 min carapace + 2 min plastron)

Roasted

(5 min carapace + 5 min plastron)

Roasted

(5 min carapace + 5 min plastron)

Raw

Raw

Manual processing duration

42 min

4 min

6.50 min

7.27 min

49.12 min

9.20 min

Lithic implements used

Quartzite hammerstone 2a

Flint flake 6

Quartzite hammerstone 4a

Flint flake 5

Quartzite hammerstone TT9

Flint flake TT5

Quartzite hammerstone TT7

Flint flake TT2

Quartzite hammerstone TT6

Flint flakes TT3 and TT4

Quartzite hammerstone TT8

Flint flake TT1

Experimenter

Non-experienced

Experienced

Experienced

Non-experienced

Non-experienced

Experienced

Observations

Female adult featuring one fully formed egg and another two forming

Young animal based on long bone epiphysis observation

Very light pyramiding on the carapace

At 8 min of roasting, the carapace fractured longitudinally on its left side