Table 1 Baseline characteristics and surgery-related factors according to preoperative CRP concentrations.

From: Low-grade, systemic inflammation and the risk of perioperative neurocognitive disorders in an observational study of older adults

Characteristics

Total analysis sample

N = 697

CRP ≥ 10 mg/L

n = 149

CRP < 10 mg/L

n = 548

p-valuea

Male, n (%)

402 (57.7)

73 (49.0)

329 (60.0)

0.02

Age, years, mean ± SD

72.3 ± 5.0

72.6 ± 5.1

72.2 ± 4.9

0.32

Study center

   

0.22

Utrecht, n (%)

152 (21.8)

27 (18.1)

125 (22.8)

 

Berlin, n (%)

545 (78.2)

122 (81.9)

423 (77.2)

 

Surgery

   

0.04

Intracranial, n (%)

9 (1.3)

1 (0.7)

8 (1.5)

 

Thoracic/abdominal/pelvic, n (%)

306 (43.9)

79 (53.0)

227 (41.4)

 

Peripheral, n (%)

382 (54.8)

69 (46.3)

313 (57.1)

 

Duration of anaesthesia (min), median (interquartile range)

201 (121, 310)

233 (160–397)

186 (144–289)

< 0.001

Depression (GDS ≥ 5), n (%)

62 (8.9)

16 (10.7)

46 (8.4)

0.37

Present or past history of tumour, leukemia or lymphomab, n (%)

229 (34.7)

72 (51.1)

160 (30.8)

< 0.001

History of coronary artery disease, n (%)

131 (18.8)

33 (22.1)

98 (17.9)

0.24

History of stroke, n (%)

35 (5.0)

9 (6.0)

26 (4.7)

0.52

History of transient ischemic attack, n (%)

20 (4.2)

8 (5.4)

21 (3.8)

0.41

History of diabetes, n (%)

159 (22.8)

46 (30.9)

113 (20.6)

0.008

History of hypertension, n (%)

437 (62.7)

103 (69.1)

334 (60.9)

0.07

Body mass index (BMI; kg/m2), mean ± SD

27.2 ± 4.7

28.1 ± 6.1

26.9 ± 4.2

0.03

Antibacterial medicationc, n (%)

18 (2.8)

9 (6.5)

9 (1.8)

0.003

NSAIDsc, n (%)

76 (12.0)

12 (8.7)

64 (12.9)

0.17

Steroidsc, n (%)

36 (5.7)

11 (7.9)

25 (5.1)

0.20

Not Fasting, n (%)

9 (1.3)

3 (2.0)

6 (1.1)

0.38

MMSE, median (interquartile range)

29 (28, 30)

29 (28–30)

29 (28–30)

0.60

Pre-morbid IQ, mean ± SD

112.1 ± 14.5

111.6 ± 12.3

112.0 ± 13.4

0.70

S100A12 (ng/mL), median (interquartile range)

108.2

(64.2–203.7)

196.2

(98.6–346.1)

95.3

(58.7–170.5)

< 0.001

CRP (mg/L), median (interquartile range)

3.5 (1.4–8.4)

19.7 (13.1–36.3)

2.4 (1.1–5.0)

< 0.001

IL-6 (pg/mL), median (interquartile range)

2.0 (0.4–5.1)

7.4 (3.2–16.0)

1.5 (0.4–3.4)

< 0.001

IL-18 (pg/mL), median (interquartile range)

36.4 (26.2–50.4)

42.2 (29.7–57.7)

35.6 (25.7–49.1)

0.001

  1. Data shown following imputation of missing data. CRP, C-reactive protein; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; IL-6, interleukin 6; IL-18, interleukin-18; MMSE, Mini Mental State Examination; NSAIDS, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. afor difference between groups with versus without acute infection tested using Mann-Whitney, t-test or chi2 test bdata available for 660 patients cdata available for 634 patients.
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