Fig. 6
Observed and simulated records of North Atlantic and Arctic climate variables discussed in the text. (A) Wind Stress Curl PC2 (blue line) of Hakkinen et al.53 and the simulated SPG Index (red line) of Haatun et al.17. (B) GS13 δ18O and SPG “Warming Hole” SST, as in Fig. 4. (C) 1-yr annualized and 5-yr smoothed AMO index69, https://psl.noaa.gov/data/timeseries/AMO/ (accessed 6/2022). (D) 1-yr annualized and 5-year smoothed Arctic SAT anomaly compiled by Chylek et al.56 (red lines) and extracted from GISTEMP70 for “Arctic Ocean and Land” by Rantanen et al.71 (pink line). (E) Reconstructed GIS runoff of Trusel et al.58. (F) Summer (JAS) Arctic sea-ice extent from Walsh et al.57. Horizontal blue bars and background color as in Fig. 5.
