Table 1 Baseline characteristics.

From: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward esophageal cancer screening and early diagnosis and treatment among family members of esophageal cancer patients: A cross-sectional study

N = 538

N (%)

Knowledge score

Attitude score

Practice score

Mean ± SD

P

Mean ± SD

P

Mean ± SD

P

Total score

 

19.75 ± 4.84

 

30.38 ± 7.77

 

25.76 ± 10.38

 

Gender

  

0.660

 

0.944

 

0.446

Male

253(47.03)

19.73 ± 4.95

 

30.56 ± 7.29

 

25.39 ± 10.2

 

Female

285(52.97)

19.76 ± 4.73

 

30.20 ± 8.17

 

26.08 ± 10.5

 

Age (years old) [20 ~ 72]

41.17 ± 11.16

      

BMI [16.14208 30.47722]

21.00 ± 2.46

      

Education

  

< 0.001

 

0.002

 

0.002

High school/Technical secondary school or below

181(33.64)

18.10 ± 5.46

 

29.02 ± 8.04

 

28.11 ± 11.5

 

Associate degree/Bachelor’s degree or above

357(66.36)

20.58 ± 4.25

 

31.05 ± 7.53

 

24.57 ± 9.53

 

Residence

  

< 0.001

 

0.002

 

< 0.001

Urban

376(69.89)

20.81 ± 3.74

 

31.07 ± 7.63

 

24.53 ± 9.52

 

Rural

50(9.29)

15.52 ± 6.15

 

28.2 ± 7.61

 

30.74 ± 11.9

 

Suburban

112(20.82)

18.05 ± 5.84

 

28.98 ± 7.96

 

27.66 ± 11.4

 

Ethnicity

  

< 0.001

 

0.565

 

0.001

Han

492(91.45)

20.08 ± 4.50

 

30.44 ± 7.79

 

25.27 ± 10.1

 

Ethnic minority

46(8.55)

16.17 ± 6.60

 

29.65 ± 7.52

 

30.95 ± 11.3

 

Employment status

  

< 0.001

 

< 0.001

 

< 0.001

Employed

431(80.11)

20.43 ± 4.29

 

30.89 ± 7.62

 

24.66 ± 9.55

 

Other

107(19.89)

16.98 ± 5.84

 

28.28 ± 8.01

 

30.20 ± 12.2

 

Relationship to the patient

  

0.793

 

0.450

 

0.518

Spouse/child/parent

301(55.95)

19.64 ± 5.04

 

30.11 ± 7.83

 

25.22 ± 9.93

 

Sibling/other relatives

237(44.05)

19.89 ± 4.55

 

30.70 ± 7.68

 

26.44 ± 10.8

 

Smoking

  

< 0.001

 

0.040

 

< 0.001

Never

92(17.1)

17.29 ± 5.46

 

28.72 ± 8.29

 

29.38 ± 9.86

 

Used to

291(54.09)

20.72 ± 4.15

 

31.06 ± 7.39

 

24.42 ± 9.83

 

Currently smoke

155(28.81)

19.38 ± 5.09

 

30.05 ± 8.00

 

26.12 ± 11.1

 

Alcohol

  

< 0.001

 

0.006

 

< 0.001

Never

100(18.59)

17.33 ± 4.90

 

29.04 ± 8.23

 

29.95 ± 10.2

 

Used to

158(29.37)

19.17 ± 5.14

 

29.40 ± 7.87

 

25.94 ± 10.4

 

Currently drink

280(52.04)

20.93 ± 4.22

 

31.4 ± 7.40

 

24.16 ± 10.0

 

Main sources of health knowledge (multiple choice)

       

Hospital promotion

280(52.04)

      

Community lectures

248(46.1)

      

Online platform

258(47.96)

      

Experiences shared by relatives

272(50.56)

      

Television and radio

258(47.96)

      

Printed materials

4(0.74)

      

Never exposed to information

280(52.04)

      

Chronic conditions (multiple choice)

       

Hypertension

105(19.52)

      

Diabetes

141(26.21)

      

Rheumatoid arthritis

111(20.63)

      

Stroke

81(15.06)

      

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

126(23.42)

      

Coronary heart disease

113(21)

      

None of the above

253(47.03)

      

Not sure

12(2.23)

      

Type of medical insurance

  

< 0.001

 

< 0.001

 

< 0.001

Basic medical insurance for urban employees

345(64.13)

20.98 ± 4.04

 

31.30 ± 7.75

 

23.85 ± 9.46

 

Basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents

117(21.75)

18.57 ± 5.04

 

28.68 ± 8.13

 

27.14 ± 10.1

 

No insurances

76(14.13)

15.94 ± 5.40

 

28.75 ± 6.49

 

32.30 ± 11.7

 
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