Fig. 2

Hyper parameter sensitivity analysis. (a) Learning Rate Vs RMSE showing the relationship between learning rate and prediction error. (b) Convergence Analysis demonstrating the trade-off between convergence speed (epochs) and training stability across different learning rates. (c) Dropout Rate impact on over fitting, comparing training RMSE, validation RMSE, and over fitting gap across dropout rates 0.0–0.7.0.7.