Table 4 Changes in cardiovascular risk scores before and after the study in CR and IF groups a paired sample T-test, b Wilcoxon signed rank test, c analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), adjusted for baseline values of each variable, age, sex and BMI. Abbreviations: IF: intermittent fasting; CR: calorie restriction; TG: triglyceride; HDL-C: high density lipoprotein-cholesterol; BMI: body mass index; FRS: Framingham risk score.
Variables | Group | Baseline | Week 12 | Change | P-value | P-value c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-HDL | IF CR | 137.85 ± 36.39 136.72 ± 29.66 | 130.06 ± 42.93 131.72 ± 37.29 | −7.79 ± 23.77 −5.00 ± 19.79 | 0.08 a 0.18 a | 0.75 |
Coronary risk index | IF CR | 4.34 ± 1.06 4.27 ± 0.88 | 4.21 ± 1.19 4.10 ± 0.91 | −0.14 ± 0.69 −0.17 ± 0.56 | 0.29 a 0.11 a | 0.73 |
TG: HDL ratio | IF CR | 3.62 ± 1.73 2.79 ± 1.27 | 3.15 ± 1.37 2.52 ± 1.18 | −0.47 ± 1.39 −0.27 ± 1.00 | 0.29 b 0.12 b | 0.38 |
Atherogenic index | IF CR | 2.40 ± 0.74 2.71 ± 0.76 | 2.44 ± 0.84 2.52 ± 0.76 | 0.04 ± 0.66 −0.18 ± 0.49 | 0.75 a 0.05 a | 0.30 |
Atherogenic index of plasma | IF CR | 0.52 ± 0.18 0.40 ± 0.20 | 0.46 ± 0.21 0.36 ± 0.20 | −0.07 ± 0.17 −0.05 ± 0.16 | 0.06 a 0.12 a | 0.58 |
30y-FRS (%) (BMI-based, Full CVD) | IF CR | 20.89 ± 14.74 22.41 ± 15.30 | 19.17 ± 14.13 21.53 ± 15.10 | −1.71 ± 2.79 −0.88 ± 2.12 | < 0.001 b < 0.001 b | 0.04 |
30y-FRS (%) (BMI-based, Hard CVD) | IF CR | 11.33 ± 9.14 12.51 ± 10.03 | 10.31 ± 8.51 12.00 ± 9.88 | −1.01 ± 1.94 −0.51 ± 1.35 | < 0.001 b < 0.001 b | 0.04 |
30y-FRS (%) (Lipid-based, Full CVD) | IF CR | 17.57 ± 12.41 19.45 ± 14.10 | 16.30 ± 12.08 18.71 ± 13.57 | −1.27 ± 2.94 −0.74 ± 2.70 | < 0.001 b 0.08 b | 0.26 |
30y-FRS (%) (Lipid-based, Hard CVD) | IF CR | 8.79 ± 6.60 9.97 ± 8.31 | 8.00 ± 6.32 9.55 ± 8.16 | −0.79 ± 1.86 −0.41 ± 1.68 | < 0.001 b 0.09 b | 0.17 |
