Fig. 5 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 5

From: Synergetic effect of a DSP4-induced locus coeruleus lesion and systemic LPS exacerbates substantia nigra dopaminergic neuron loss

Fig. 5

TNF-α expression. ELISA revealed increased TNF-α levels in the locus coeruleus of DSP4-treated animals at 3 months compared to NaCl, LPS, and DSP4-LPS, while no significant changes were detected in the striatum or substantia nigra. NaCl (n = 8), LPS (n = 8), DSP4 (n = 8), DSP4-LPS (n = 8). Bars represent mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.

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