Table 3 Parameter settings of the bio-inspired optimization algorithms.
Algorithm | Parameter name | Symbol | Value/Range |
|---|---|---|---|
PSO | Inertia weight | \(\:\omega\:\) | 0.9 |
Cognitive coefficient | \(\:{c}_{1}\) | 1.5 | |
Social coefficient | \(\:{c}_{2}\) | 1.9 | |
GWO | Convergence constant | \(\:a\) | Linearly decreases 2 → 0 |
CS | Discovery rate | \(\:\rho\:\) | 0.2 |
Lévy flight step size | \(\:{a}_{s}\:\) | 1.5 | |
ACO | Pheromone importance | \(\:\alpha\:\) | 1.0 |
Heuristic importance | \(\:\beta\:\) | 2.0 | |
Evaporation rate | \(\:\rho\:\) | 0.5 | |
DOA | Initial convergence factor | \(\:P{P}_{1}\) | 0.10–0.15 |
Effective radius | \(\:{R}_{e}\) | 0.25 | |
CSA | Awareness probability | \(\:AP\) | 0.1 |
Flight length | \(\:FL\) | 2.0 | |
GA | Crossover probability | \(\:{P}_{c}\) | 0.7 |
Mutation probability | \(\:{P}_{m}\) | 0.1 | |
WOA | Spiral constant | \(\:b\) | 1.0 |
Convergence constant | \(\:a\) | Linearly decreases 2 → 0 | |
BA | Frequency range | \(\:{f}_{min},\:{f}_{max}\:\:\) | (0.0, 2.0) |
Pulse rate | \(\:r\) | 0.5 | |
Loudness | \(\:A\) | 1.0 | |
ABC | Employed/onlooker ratio | 1 : 1 | |
Abandonment limit | 5 trials |
