Table 6 Target hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) or total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) of toxic metals resulting from consumption of thinlip grey mullet, sardine, and sand smelt.

From: Health hazard assessment and cooking effects on toxic metals in marine fish from the mediterranean sea at the Damietta Coast, Egypt

Metals

RfD (mg/kg/day)

Thinlip grey mullet

Sardine

Sand smelt

EDI (mg/kg BW/day)

THQ

EDI (mg/kg BW/day)

THQ

EDI (mg /kg BW/day)

THQ

As

3 × 10−4b

1.87 × 10−3

6.23

1.37 × 10−3

4.57

1.53 × 10−3

5.1

Hg

1 × 10−4a

9.75 × 10−5

0.975

7.99 × 10−5

0.80

4.45 × 10−5

0.445

Pb

4 × 10−3c

5.31 × 10−4

0.133

8.24 × 10−4

0.21

7.87 × 10−4

0.197

Cd

1 × 10−3a

3.43 × 10−5

0.034

3.96 × 10−5

0.040

4.20 × 10−5

0.042

Σ HI or TTHQd

7.37

 

4.62

 

5.78

  1. EDI refers to estimated daily intake.
  2. BW refers to body weight.
  3. \(\:THQ=\frac{EDI}{RfD}\). 
  4. RfD refers to the oral reference dose (mg/kg/day).
  5. aRfD for Hg (MeHg) and Cd (USEPA, 2019)26.
  6. bRfD for As (ATSDR, 2007)28.
  7. cRfD for Pb (FDA, 2018)27.
  8. dHazard Index (HI) or Total Target Hazard Quotient (TTQH) = THQAs + THQHg + THQPb + THQCd (USEPA, 2011)81.
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