Fig. 2

Neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain and its variants over 1 year in COVID-19 patients. The nAb were determined using the multiplex surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) assay on plasma samples from 111 COVID-19 patients on days 0 (N = 111), 14 (N = 65), 28 (N = 65), 60 (N = 23), 180 (N = 20), and 365 (N = 63) after enrollment. A mixed-effects model was used to compare the median differences between groups. Numbers on the graph represent the median percent inhibition of nAbs. A percentage of inhibition values of less than 30% (indicated by the dotted red line) were considered negative results. ***, p < 0.001; **, p < 0.010, and *, p < 0.050. The bars in the graphs represent the interquartile range (IQR). Neutralizing antibody data for 111 COVID-19 patients were partially obtained from a previously published dataset33.