Table 5 Comparison of o1-preview model and human performance on CT skills.

From: Comparative evaluation of OpenAI O1 and human performance in higher order cognition

CT dimension

Human overall

o1-Preview

Z-Score

CT skills

3.92 ± 0.52

3.84 ± 1.56

− 0.15

Creativity

4.18 ± 0.63

4.56 ± 0.73

0.60

Algorithmic thinking

4.30 ± 0.62

4.50 ± 0.67

0.32

Cooperativity

3.94 ± 0.78

4.50 ± 0.53

0.72

Critical thinking

3.93 ± 0.63

4.80 ± 0.42

1.38

Problem-solving

3.68 ± 0.63

1.00 ± 0.00

− 4.25