Table 3 Experimental measurement results.

From: Effect of die fillet radius on tube thinning in free bending

Mold offset distance, U/mm

Number of groups

Section distortion rate, η/%

Pipe wall thinning rate, δ/%

Measured value

Mean

Measured value

Mean

4

1

5.03

5.02

3.1

3.0

2

5.07

3.3

3

4.96

2.6

6

4

6.85

6.86

4.3

4.3

5

6.90

4.6

6

6.83

4.0

8

7

8.05

8.03

5.6

5.4

8

8.01

5.3

9

8.03

5.4

10

10

8.42

8.43

5.6

5.6

11

8.41

5.6

12

8.45

5.7

12

13

9.01

9.02

5.8

5.8

14

9.01

5.8

15

9.03

5.8